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WHEAT

Wheat is the most important food grain and a staple diet for more than half of the world population. Wheat is adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions varying from temperate to sub-tropical and tropical regions; however, it thrives well under temperate conditions. In Pakistan, it covers around 8.6 million hectares with annual production around 23.5 million tones. In the province of Sindh, wheat is being cultivated on nearly 0.9 million hectares with an average annual contribution of about 3 million tones. Research work on weat improvement started in the 30’s of 20th century by conventional methods, but the real impact of wheat breeding was realized in the context of “Green Revolution” in the 60’s. The new fertilizer responsive varieties increased the wheat production in Pakistan from 4.5 million tones in 1964-65 to 7.2 million tones in 1969-70. The production further increased three times and the country harvested a record production of 23.5 million tones in 2006-07. The demand for more wheat grains will however continue to rise with the ever increasing population on this earth.

Realizing the significant contribution of induced mutations in crop improvement, physical and chemical mutagens have been successfully used as a supplement to conventional wheat breeding at NIA Tando Jam. The rigorous selection of viable genotypes and their screening and evaluation in different trials helped in evolving 12 high yielding wheat varieties for the province of Sindh

Variety NameJauhar-78
Year of release1979
PedigreeMutant-115 from Nayab
BreedersDr. K.A. Siddiqui and M. Afzal Arain
Centre of OriginNIA, Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember (normal)
Average yield2500-3000 kg/ha
Potential yield6000 kg/ha
Seed rate100 kg/ha
Fertilizer application100N:50P
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases/pestResistance to diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressTolerance to salinity
Adaptation of varietySindh province
Quality parametersAmber grain color, Shattering resistant
Variety NameSindh-81
Year of release1982
PedigreeP-94 (Norteno x Mexipak)
BreedersDr. K.A. Siddiqui and M. Afzal Arain
Centre of OriginNIA, Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember (normal)
Average yield3000-3500 kg/ha
Potential yield5000 kg/ha
Seed rate100 kg/ha
Fertilizer application100N:50P
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases/pestTolerance to rust diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stress
Adaptation of varietySindh province
Quality parametersProtein content 15.06 %, Better grain and baking quality
Variety NameSarsabz
Year of release1986
PedigreePI/FRND//MXP/3/PI/M20/70
BreedersDr. Khushnod Ahmed Siddiqui, M. Afzal Arain and K.A. Jaffri
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember, December
Average yield4000-4500 kg/ha
Potential yield7500 kg/ha
Seed rate100 kg/ha
Fertilizer application100N:50P
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pestTolerance to diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressTolerance to abiotic stresses, low input oriented variety
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersProtein content 14.4 %, Good grain quality
Variety NameSoghat-90
Year of release1991
PedigreePavon* (Sodium azide) Mutagenesis
BreedersDr. Khushnod Ahmed Siddiqui, MAfzal Arain and K.A. Jaffri
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember
Average yield4000 kg/ha
Potential yield5500-6000 kg/ha
Seed rate100 kg/ha
Fertilizer application100N:50P
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pesRust diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stress
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersProtein content 14.54%, Excellent grain quality
Variety NameKiran-95
Year of release1996
PedigreeWL-711/Crow “s” Mutant
BreedersDr. Khushnod Ahmed Siddiqui, M. Afzal Arain and K.A. Jaffri
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember – December
Average yield4000-4500 kg/ha
Potential yield6200 kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pestTolerance to diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressTolerant to low or saline soils
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersProtein content 13.52 %, Good grain quality
Variety NameMarvi-2000
Year of release2002
PedigreeCMH-77A917/PKV-1600//RL-6010/6*SKA
BreedersShamadad Khan Khanzada, Imdad Hussain Korejo
Centre of OriginNIA, Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember
Average yield4500-5500 Kg/ha
Potential yield7400 Kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pestResistant to rust diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stress
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersProtein content 13.46 %, Better grain quality
Variety NameBhittai
Year of release2004
PedigreeVEE/TRAP#1//SOGHAT-90
BreedersShamadad Khan Khanzada, Imdad Hussain Korejo
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember
Average yield5500 kg/ha
Potential yield7300 kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pestResistant to rust diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressAbiotic strsesses
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersProtein content 14.57%, Good grain quality
Variety NameSassui
Year of release2006
PedigreeCHIL/ALD//PVN/YECORA-70
BreedersShamadad Khan Khanzada, Imdad H.Korejo
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember
Average yield4700 kg/ha
Potential yield7800 kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation4
Resistance against diseases / pestResistant to rust diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressTolerant to water stress
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parameterstProtein content 15%, Amber bold grains, excellent bread baking quality
Variety NameKhirman
Year of release2006
PedigreeULC/PVN//TAN/3/BUC
CM-96119-43Y-0M-0Y-4M-0RES
BreedersM. Afzal Arain, Dr. Mahboob Ali Sial and N. A. Nizamani
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember
Average yield4619 kg/ha
Potential yield7667 kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation3-4
Resistance against diseases/pestTolerant to diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressDrought tolerant
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersProtein content 12.91 %, Amber bold grains, excellent bread baking quality

 

Variety NameNIA-Amber
Year of release2010
PedigreeVEE# 5 ‘S’/SARA//SOGHAT-90
BreedersDr. Mahboob Ali Sial, M. Afzal Arain, M.A.Ahmedani, K.A. Laghari, N. A. Nizamani and M.Arif
Centre of OriginNIA, Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember-December
Average yield5500 kg/ha
Potential yield6400 kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance to diseases/pestTolerance to diseases
Toleranceto abiotic stressHeat and cold tolerance
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersExcellent grain quality (protein 16.02%)
Variety NameNIA-Sunhari
Year of release2010
PedigreeCham4//Ures/Bow ‘s’
BreedersDr. Karim Dino Jamali and S. Ashraf Ali
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember-December
Average yield5500 kg/ha
Potential yield6700
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationN:120 P: 90 kg/ha
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pestTolerant to diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressheat tolerance
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersExcellent grain quality (Protein 15%)
Variety NameNIA-Sundar
Year of release2011
PedigreeSarsabz /Sunco*2
BreedersShamadad Khan Khanzada, Imdad H. Korejo
Centre of OriginNIA,Tando Jam
Sowing dateNovember
Average yield6508 kg/ha
Potential yield8746 kg/ha
Seed rate125 kg/ha
Fertilizer applicationPreferred application is after soil analysis N: 120kg/hec P: 90kg/hec K: 90kg/hec
No. of Irrigation5
Resistance against diseases / pestAll type of rust diseases
Tolerance against abiotic stressWater stress
Adaptation of varietySindh
Quality parametersHighly Zinc efficient|Protein content 14.08 %

      RESEARCH GROUP